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Zhang Yinyi [ edit ]
 | This entry does not list any references or sources . (September 12, 2008) |
Zhang Yinkai (July 7, 1937 - July 1937), the word Chaochao, No. Shaoqing, and No. Haobo, Haoshui Township , Shuangshui , Guangdong , China . Once in the name of burning text. The famous diplomat, the last ambassador to the United States in the Qing Dynasty , was also the first Chinese envoy to the United States.
Biography [ edit ]
In the early years, he was named after Zhang Zhuowen and he was waiting in Beijing . In the eighteenth year of Guangxu (1892), he was given an official title in the cabinet, and the following year he was admitted to the post of the Navy Secretary Zhang Jing and later the counselor in Japan . In the 22nd year of Guangxu (1896), Zhang was the third-ranking counselor of the Chinese Embassy in the United States and the Consul in San Francisco . He soon transferred to Spain and served as agent.
In the 28th year of Guangxu (1902), when Britain invaded Tibet , Zhang went to India with Tang Shaoyi to negotiate with the British and failed. In the 32nd year of Guangxu (1906), he once again traveled to India to participate in negotiations on the revision of the " Lhasa Treaty ." In the negotiations, Zhang played on the government and considered that the situation in Tibet was "precarious, and the British have been defamed for a day," and called on the government to pay attention to the issue of Tibet as soon as possible. On April 14th of the same year, Zhang was badly appointed as the Minister of the Tibet Sub-canton Office . He took office on October 12 and quickly stabilized the chaotic Lhasa situation caused by the 13th Dalai Lama’sescape . During the period of Tibet, Zhang Xing educated and reformed. On January 13, 1907, he proposed the Outline of the New Policy for the Management of Tibet (The 19th article of the "History of Tibet"). The main contents are:
- Give preferential treatment to the Dalai Lama and the Panchen Lama and restore the Tibetan royal system to supervise by the Han officials;
- Check account, lease;
- Train soldiers, build traffic, and educate students;
- Rejuvenate agriculture, industry and commerce, develop minerals, get rid of harsh politics, abolish Ural and set up banks ;
- Improve customs and handle all " new policies ";
- Set up Tibetan ministers of government, ministers of associations, etc., divide 9 affairs such as diplomacy, supervision, finance, academic affairs, salt tea, patrolmen, agriculture, industry and commerce, and roads;
Zhang also played the role of the former Minister of Tibet in Thailand . These measures provoked panic and confrontation among the Tibetan serf owners and triggered the British government's protests. The newly appointed Minister of the Treasury in Yuxi also had suspicions about Zhang. Zhang was forced to leave Tibet in May of the 33rd year of Guangxu (1907) and was responsible for negotiating with the United Kingdom to amend the " Treasury Principles of the Tibet-India Business ." In the thirty-fourth year of Guangxu (1908), Zhang Huijing gave the right counselor of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs.
In the first year of Xuantong (1909) on June 27, Zhang was appointed as the country's envoy to the United States, Mexico , Peru and Cuba . During his tenure, he successfully negotiated with the Mexican government and won compensation for 3.1 million Mexican pesos for Chinese civil workers who were killed in the local anti-China campaign .
On October 10, 1911 , when the Revolution of 1911 broke out, Zhang supported the revolutionary movement, nicknamed his illness to serve as a minister, and accepted the appointment of Sun Yat-sen's Republic of China government as diplomatic representative to the United States. Although the Qing government appointed Shi Yongji as his successor to the United States, Shi did not take office. In 1913, as the Simla conference was convened, the government of the Republic of China appointed Xia Yufu to serve as the envoy to the United States and transferred Zhang back to China. He planned to send representatives from the Chinese side to the meeting, but the British insisted on refusing to do so.
Zhang later rejected Yuan Shikai ’s invitation and stayed at home. On July 7, 1937, he died in Beijing on the day of the July 7 Incident .
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9 categories :
- Born in 1864
- Died in 1937
- Constitutional Survey Agency Officer
- The Republic of China Ambassador to the United States
- Minister of the United States
- Qing Dynasty Cabinet
- Participating in politics
- Xinhuiren
- Zhang Xing
