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Italo Svewo [ edit ]
Italo Svevo ( Italo Svevo ), Ettore Schmitz ( Ettore Schmitz , 1861 Nian 12 Yue 9 Ri ─ 1928 Nian 9 Yue 13th) under the pseudonym, Italian Jewish businessman and novelist. Late in his career, he became known as “ La Conscienza di Zeno ” (60-year-old ) and was hailed as one of the greatest novelists of the 20th century.
Biography [ edit ]
Born now belongs to Italy, currently the subject of Austria 's first Trieste , father German Jewish glass businessman, mother is Italian Jews. Svewo's real name and pseudonym reflect his dual identity. Ettore is Italianof Hector , Schmitz is a common German surname; Italo means "Italian", Svevo refers to the medieval Swabia (Schwaben) at Duchy (now Germany Bavaria also called Swabian Administrative district).
The family is well-off, and there are seven brothers and sisters. In order to learn German well , he was sent to a business school in Bavaria with his younger brother when he was 11 years old. His performance was good, but private literature was his main interest. He loved Goethe , Schiller , Heine , Schopenhauer , Shakespeare (German translation). Other famous works.
When he was 17 years old, he returned to his hometown and accidentally went to a local business school to attend lectures. At the same time, he began to write seriously, mainly for drama. The age of 19 in "The Independent" ( L'Indipendente published the first article), known as "Shylock" ( Shylock ) (Shakespeare's "The Merchant of Venice" in the Jewish businessman). Because his father’s business failed, he was forced to abandon the life of his brother-in- law . He worked at a branch of the local Banca Union di Vienna. He was responsible for correspondence in German and French . He stayed there for 20 years and his work was not pleasant. .
Write while working and begin to enter the circle of artists in Trieste. In 1892, he self-funded the publication of his first novel " Una vita ". His book review was good, but he failed to bring him a title and his father passed away the same year. In October 1895, the mother also passed away. In December of the same year, regardless of opposition from her parents, she married a much younger cousin Livia Veneziani. Because of her beliefs, the two were unable to salute the church. Two years later, Livia was pregnant and gave birth to a woman. However, she was seriously ill after the birth and he was baptized and became a Catholic . After Livia’s recovery, the two supplemented the wedding.
In 1898, the second novel, Senilità , was self-funded , but he still failed to win his title. The following year her parents to the painting factory work, factory production to protect the hull of waterproof paint, marketing in Europe. The factory has branches in Italy and the United Kingdom . His work is excellent. He is often sent to the UK on a business trip. In order to improve English , he invites people to tutor. Joyce , who lived in Trieste at the time, became his tutor. . In 1906, the two formalized contacts.
Joyce was contemplating his great work " Ulysses " and often consulted Svevo about Jewish beliefs and customs and expressed appreciation for his novel. Leopold Bloom, the protagonist of "Ulysses," refers to Swivol. In the outbreak of the First WorldWar, Joyce left Trieste, but kept in correspondence with Svevo. During the war, Svevo's life was difficult. The Austrian authorities closed down his factory and forced him to hand over the secret formula of paint. At one point he was forced to flee to Vienna.
In 1923, he self-funded published "The consciousness of Zino." He sent the book to Joyce, who was in Paris at the time . Joyce praised him and made publicity for his artistic circle in Paris. Svevo's name spread all the way to the Paris Salon. His reputation was transmitted from Paris to Italy. Finally, Svevo received his dream title in his ear year. He became a literary celebrity, his lesser works were reprinted, and he was invited to give lectures everywhere.
In the summer of 1928, he took a vacation with his family to the mountains. He had an accident while riding a motorcycle and he was dead one night after he was sent to the hospital. In 1950, Livia published her " Vita di mio marito ".
"Zino's Consciousness" [ Edit ]
"Gino's Consciousness" is the precedent of the Italian Fictional Fiction, and critics often compare Svevo with Joyce and Proust . Like many of his contemporaries, Svevo loved Freud and was interested in psychoanalysis. In Zino’s Consciousness, Zino, the protagonist, received psychoanalytic treatment. The doctor advised him to make a note of his memories for analysis. But he decided to stop the treatment soon. The doctor published a memoir of the patient for “retaliation”. The book is full of self-deprecating, about Zino quit smoking in the first chapter, especially famous.
Svevo's mother tongue is Triestino in Triestino, a Veneto language, and the second language is German. Therefore, his Italian language was criticized by some critics as not pure and authentic.
External links [ edit ]
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4 categories :
- Italian writer
- Born in 1861
- Death in 1928
- Modernist writer
